Saturday, February 19, 2011

100 Watt Stereo Receiver

Il Sole si sveglia: esplosione di classe X. Colpita la Terra.




"A powerful solar flare of class X, February 15 has thrown billions of tons of charged particles toward Earth, in what are called coronal mass ejections (CMEs), resulting in a storm geomagnetic activity in the Earth's magnetic field " said Baker, director of CU-Boulder's Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics.

In astrophysics, a "solar flare " or even solar flare is a violent eruption of matter that explodes from the photosphere of the Sun, with an energy equivalent to tens of millions of bombs atomic. These potenti espulsioni possono causare problemi di sicurezza che vanno dalla rottura dei sistemi di navigazione aerea e o alle reti elettriche o posson mettere a rischio la sicurezza degli equipaggi delle compagnie aeree e gli astronauti nello spazio.
I brillamenti sono spesso associati alle macchie solari e sono probabilmente causati dal rilascio di energia in occasione del fenomeno di riconnessione delle linee di campo magnetico.  
Le onde d'urto risultanti viaggiano lateralmente attraverso la fotosfera e verso l'alto attraverso la cromosfera e la corona, a velocità dell'ordine di 5.000.000 di chilometri all'ora (ovvero 1.389 km/s, contro i 300.000 chilometri al secondo della speed of light).

Flares are classified as:
A
B
C
M
X
according to their brightness in X-rays near the Earth, measured in watts per square meter.

Each class is ten times more powerful than before, with X (the largest) of 12 to 10 W / m², and also is divided linearly from 1 to 9, then a blast X2 is four times more powerful than an M5.
Solar activity is normally between classes A and C.
I have a few flares C effects on the Earth, while the more powerful M and X can cause damage.
sometimes exceed the maximum value (X9): August 16, 1999 and April 2, 2001 were measured of the X20 flare, but they were outweighed by the 4 November 2003 was estimated at X45 and is the most powerful ever recorded. The region of sunspot 486 was the most turbulent ever seen.



"The sun is coming back to life" , said Baker, in his report entitled " Severe Space Weather Events. Understanding of society and economic impacts " . The Sun was going through a long period of quiet, the largest since the beginning of the twentieth century. From the scientific point of view, a flare of class X, is the most powerful type of solar flare. For Baker in this regard: "... we can not afford to be complacent when operating in near-Earth space environment."
According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, a number of expulsions coronal mass can reach the Earth's atmosphere over the next few days.
"The man's dependence on technology makes the company more sensitive to the effects of space weather," said Baker. "But scientists and engineers have made great strides in recent decades with regard to this phenomenon . We know much more about what is happening and we can build more robust systems to withstand, "said Baker. " It will be interesting to see how our technology systems will be able to withstand the rigors of space weather, while the Sun back to higher levels of activity. "

Eruzioni così violente possono rilasciare nello spazio miliardi di particelle alla volta. Nelle prossime ore questo sciame che sta viaggiando verso di noi investirà la Terra. Con quali conseguenze? C’è da temere per la salute? Rischiamo black-out? Facciamo il punto con Alessandro Bemporad, fisico solare dell’INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Torino .

Bemporad, che succede sulla nostra stella?
Questo brillamento è il primo di una serie di eruzioni a cui assisteremo prossimamente. Segna il risveglio del Sole, l’entrata cioè in una nuova fase di attività, dopo il periodo di minimo. Il picco di attività è previsto tra il 2012 e il 2013. Un’eruzione solare si genera a causa dell’emissione di intensi campi magnetici sulla fotosfera, la superficie esterna del Sole, visibili come macchie solari. Questo determina improvvisi rilasci di energia e l’espulsione di particelle di plasma altamente ionizzato ad alta velocità nello spazio interplanetario. La tempesta solare è costituita da tre componenti: radiazione ultravioletta e raggi X, che raggiunge la Terra in 8 minuti; una seconda componente di particelle relativistiche, che arrivano in qualche ora; infine, una bolla di plasma di enormi dimensioni che può investire la Terra nei giorni successivi al brillamento.

Quali sono le conseguenze di una tempesta Solar?
The high-energy particles, injected along the earth's magnetic field lines, can damage satellites, cause it to drop, disrupt communication systems and satellite radio broadcasts. These days you can complain about malfunctions of phones and GPS navigators.

risk of a blackout?
can happen. The current geomagnetic, if channeled in the power lines, transformers can blow up power plants. In the eighties has happened in Quebec.

Is there any danger to the astronauts on the International Space Station? For the astronauts
worst is already past, the greatest danger is the bombardment of X-rays and high energy particles. It is estimated that the most intense solar flare occurred between Apollo 16 and Apollo 17 would kill an astronaut if he had been caught during extravehicular activity outside the spacecraft.

Who's down to earth has nothing to fear for their health?
No, thank goodness we are protected by the magnetosphere. The only problem may be with passengers, particularly those on board, on air routes near the poles where the magnetic field lines convey the high-energy particles from the Sun

eruptions of the Sun also determine one of the most spectacular phenomena of nature: the aurora borealis. How do they occur?
The phenomenon depends on the excitement of the atoms in the upper atmosphere which are affected by high energy electrons from the Sun so the sky is tinged with colored lights, a great visual effect.

is a good time to book a holiday at the poles?
Yes, the frequency of solar eruptions and their intensity will increase, and consequently the aurora borealis. This recent solar storm was the most intense of the last four years, but there are other more. We will see the beautiful. As on the other hand occurs cyclically every 11 years.

riusulterebbe from numerous sources that are to be affected by the flare X class was the Asian region of China. Some damage to navigation systems but nothing to worry about.



By Arthur McPaul


Sources:
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brillamento # Classification
http://www.media.inaf.it/2011/02/17/le-conseguenze-delleruzione- Solar /
http://www.centroufologicoionico.com/articoli/news/436-la-cina-nel-mirino-dellultima-eruzione-solare

0 comments:

Post a Comment